AYNAB

                    a. Translation by a more general word (superordinate)  This is one of the most common strategies to deal with many types of nonequivalence. As Baker believes, it works appropriately in most, if not all, languages, because in the semantic field, meaning is not language dependent.   The preceding examples illustrate the use of a general word (superordinate)  to overcome a relative lack of specifi city in the target language compared to the  source language. ‘Shampooing’ can be seen as a type of ‘washing’ since it is more restricted in use: you can wash lots of things but you can only shampoo hair.           b. Translation by a more neutral/less expressive word  This is another strategy in the semantic field of structure There is a noticeable difference in the expressive meaning of mumble and its nearest Italian equivalent, mugugnare. The English verb mumble suggests confusion, disorientation or embarrassment, as can be seen in the following examples: ‘Sorry,’ she